Objective(s): Health insurance literacy (HIL) is the knowledge, ability, and confidence of people to find and evaluate information about insurance plans, choose the best plan and how to use it. This study was conducted to examine the level of HIL among the insured person of the Iran Health Insurance Organization in Tehran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 with the participation of 309 insured person. The data were collected using a 27-item questionnaire that included three dimensions of access, insurance terms, and performance skills. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed. Data analysis was performed in SPSS.24 using T-test and One-way ANOVA. Results: The mean score for access was 8.5±1.91, insurance terms 10.21±2.46 and performance skill was 22.94±3.23. The overall mean HIL score was 41.64±6.22. The HIL status of 60% of the insured person was intermediate and 40% was low. The mean score of HIL was higher among people living in the northern region, those covered by the special diseases fund, those with a monthly less income, and those without supplementary insurance. The HIL level was also higher among people whose source of insurance information was friends and acquaintances (P<0.05). Conclusion: The majority of people had relatively low levels of HIL. Knowing the level of HIL and the factors that influence it can guide policy makers in developing educational interventions to remove barriers and improve HIL. Educational interventions through public media such as television, short videos on the websites and applications of insurance organizations and social media, and the provision of insurance information on waiting room monitors in medical centers are suggested to improve HIL.

Introduction: One of the main characteristics of a hospital information system (HIS) is confidentiality. Studies have shown that the security requirements on electronic health records are not fully met in Iran.This study was conducted to determine the percentage of HIPAA (health insurance portability and accountability act) security safeguard application in university hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2010.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population included university hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences equipped with HIS. Data were collected by a checklist through interview with the IT authorities of the hospitals. The checklist was in accordance with HIPAA security standard rules. Tool validity was checked by the content validity method. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: The risk management and data backup plan, two out of seven required administrative security safeguards (i.e. risk analysis, risk management, sanction policy, information system activity review, data backup plan, disaster recovery plan, and emergency mode operation plan), were fully applied in all the hospitals. Both of two required physical security safeguards, disposal and media reuse, were applied in the majority of the hospitals. Of the two required technical security safeguards, unique user identifications, and emergency access procedure were applied only in one of the hospitals.Conclusion: Operational planning must be implemented in order to increase the application of required administrative security safeguards. Full application of the required physical security safeguards, which are close to reach, and the required technical security safeguards could be the main steps in promoting security of the HIS.

This research has been carried out with the purpose of identifying the factors affecting empowerment of the employees of safety insurance in the insurance organizations of Tehran. The statistical population includes all 900 employees at headquarters and staff of the Health Insurance Organization in Tehran. Using the systematic random sampling method and basing on the theoretical foundations and previously conducted researches, the model was designed and was verified by experts. The reliability of the questionnaire for the dependent variable (empowerment), calculated by Cronbach’ s alpha, was 0. 89. It was 0. 97 for the independent variables (effective factors). Exploratory factor analysis was used for the identification of the individual factors affecting empowerment. For the assessment of the effectiveness of each of the identified factors in the empowerment of the employees, multivariate regression was employed. The results indicated that six factors, from among eight identified factors, including participation, considering employees, giving responsibility to the employees, clear goals, clarity of the roles, and giving authority to the employees, affected empowerment.

Introduction: Neglecting to define important criteria in developing a Basic Health Insurance Package and to notice their real roles will result in defining a package which is politically unacceptable, non-economical, technically inefficient or mixed of them. Therefore development of Basic Health Insurance Package should be according to appropriate composition of influential criteria. This study was carried out to determining Information Criteria to define Basic Health Insurance Package and their importance.Methods: The study was qualitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional, conducted in 2008. At the first Stage 20 Health insurance experts and involved people were interviewed. At the second stage the notified criteria in these interviews in addition to other criteria, revealed from conceptual study were viewed by experts of Iranian basic health insurance companies (52 People). The first stage data were analyzed in Atlas-Ti and the second stage data were analyzed in SPSS.Results: The revealed criteria from the first stage were classified as 32 criteria in Six groups. Iranian health insurance experts believed that most important factors involved in defining Iranian basic health insurance package were applicability, the view of politic individuals and groups, interventions cost, and patients’ membership in vulnerable patient groups. The study participants indicated cost-effectiveness of services, effectiveness of services, quality of evidence, and equity as the main factors by which the basic health insurance package can be defined appropriately. Conclusion: According to results the current influence of some criteria such as the view of politic individuals and groups, and vulnerable patient groups were much more than their appropriate influence in defining Iranian basic health insurance package. Also some criteria like cost- effectiveness, quality of evidence, long-term sustainability, and safety of manipulations were focused less than what was appropriate for defining the package. According to the results of this study it is suggested that for defining basic health insurance package more appropriately, Cost-effectiveness studies should be facilitated and the results of such studies should replace such criteria like the influence of different groups in defining basic health insurance package.

The outbreak of the pandemic has prompted the scientific community to build models that can reliably monitor and predict the evolution of pandemics. Payment of medical expenses is the most important benefit offered by pandemic insurance policies. This paper considers a one year healthcare insurance contract in which a policyholder protects against an epidemic risk within the policy term and its side effects at most five years later for those who got an infection during the policy period. To derive actuarial computations, it considers a SIDS epidemic model in which infection rates depends on the time. Under such SIDS epidemic model and four health insurance plans fair premium have been evaluated.

Introduction: Reliability and tranquility for human in the face of dangers and diseases have a big influence on private life and growth of social and economic society. The common insurance in Iran is health insurance that exists in two kinds:Basic health insurance and complementary insurance. With the growth of technology and high costs of treatment, it seems more appropriate that health insurance is needed in Iran, thus, Iran's health is promoting.Method: Data has been collected from reputable internal and external resources and internet. American's Dollar is used for comparing financial data.Findings: Situation of health system and non-life insurance in Iran have been studied and compared with world, a number of developed countries, Islamic and middle East countries.Discussion: A model for developing health complementary insurance in Iran has been presented.

In this paper, we used the models based on Panel Data to determine the factors that affecting demand for supplementary health insurance in Iran. For this purpose, statistics and information about the provinces has been gathered during the period of 1380-1387. The result of Hausman test confirms the compatibility of estimation which based on fixed effects regression model (FEM). According to the results, the per capita income, health expenditures per capita and inflation rate are the most important factors that determining the demand for this branch of insurance.The income elasticity of demand for the supplemental health insurance has been estimated 0.83 that shows this product is a necessary good in the consumption basket of households. Also, the demand elasticity of health expenditures and inflation calculated 0.1 and 0.23 respectively which indicates low elasticity of demand on these variable. In fact, increase in family income plays more fundamental role in the development of health insurance.